One way to understand the potential for life on far-off planets — those in other solar systems that orbit different stars — is to study a planet’s atmosphere. Telescopic images often capture traces of gases that may indicate life and habitable planets. But findings from a new study led by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder challenge this idea: scientists created one type of gas often seen as an indicator of life in a chemistry lab with no organisms present.
The paper, published today in Astrophysical Journal Letters, found one type of molecule scientists typically view as a sign of life, known as a biosignature, may not be as strong an indicator of life as previously thought. The researchers created dimethyl sulfide, a type of organic sulfur compound often made by marine microbes, in a reaction chamber using light and gases found in many planets’ atmospheres.
The researchers said creating dimethyl sulfide in the lab was exciting, but their findings flip previous research on its head. The work is led by CU Boulder’s Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) Visiting Fellow Nate Reed and CIRES Fellow and associate professor of chemistry Ellie Browne.
“The sulfur molecules that we’re making are thought to be indicators of life because they’re produced by life on Earth,” Browne said. “But we made them in the lab without life — so it might not be a sign of life, but could be a sign of something hospitable for life.” Organic sulfur compounds might not be robust biomarkers but could instead serve as markers of metabolic potential, according to the study authors.
Searching for life
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope launched in 2009. One of its missions is to capture images of exoplanets, planets outside of Earth’s solar system, to understand different atmospheres. Part of the satellite’s mission is to ask: Do these planets support life?
The new study looks at what happens in a planet’s atmosphere when gases react with light…
Source www.sciencedaily.com
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